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自Drupal8开始简洁网址(clean urls)国内常称为伪静态是drupal运行必要需求之一,如果你使用的是Nginx服务器,你会发现安装drupal10后除了首页可以打开,进入后台提示“404页面没有找到”,这是由于Drupal的开发和部署大多数都是在Apache上完成的,因此对于使用apache的服务器,通常只需要启用apache的“mod_rewrite”扩展即可满足drupal伪静态需求。而nginx服务器则需要配置drupal的nginx静态规则,才能正常运行drupal10。
Drupal10的nginx伪静态规则。
server { listen 80; listen [::]:80; listen 443 ssl http2; listen [::]:443 ssl http2; ssl_certificate /usr/local/tengine/conf/ssl/atuwe.com.crt; ssl_certificate_key /usr/local/tengine/conf/ssl/atuwe.com.key; ssl_protocols TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3; ssl_ciphers TLS13-AES-256-GCM-SHA384:TLS13-CHACHA20-POLY1305-SHA256:TLS13-AES-128-GCM-SHA256:TLS13-AES-128-CCM-8-SHA256:TLS13-AES-128-CCM-SHA256:EECDH+CHACHA20:EECDH+AES128:RSA+AES128:EECDH+AES256:RSA+AES256:EECDH+3DES:RSA+3DES:!MD5; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; ssl_session_timeout 10m; ssl_session_cache builtin:1000 shared:SSL:10m; ssl_buffer_size 1400; add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=15768000; ssl_stapling on; ssl_stapling_verify on; server_name www.atuwe.com www.atuwe.com; access_log off; index index.html index.htm index.php; root /data/wwwroot/atuwe/web; if ($ssl_protocol = "") { return 301 https://$host$request_uri; } if ($host != atuwe.com) { return 301 $scheme://atuwe.com$request_uri; } #上面是网站的SSL和路径配置,非drupal10配置,不要复制 #drupal10的nginx伪静态规则从这里开始。 location = /favicon.ico { log_not_found off; access_log off; } location = /robots.txt { allow all; log_not_found off; access_log off; } # Very rarely should these ever be accessed outside of your lan location ~* \.(txt|log)$ { allow 192.168.0.0/16; deny all; } location ~ \..*/.*\.php$ { return 403; } location ~ ^/sites/.*/private/ { return 403; } # Block access to scripts in site files directory location ~ ^/sites/[^/]+/files/.*\.php$ { deny all; } # Allow "Well-Known URIs" as per RFC 5785 location ~* ^/.well-known/ { allow all; } # Block access to "hidden" files and directories whose names begin with a # period. This includes directories used by version control systems such # as Subversion or Git to store control files. location ~ (^|/)\. { return 403; } location / { # try_files $uri @rewrite; # For Drupal <= 6 try_files $uri /index.php?$query_string; # For Drupal >= 7 } location @rewrite { rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?q=$1; } # Don't allow direct access to PHP files in the vendor directory. location ~ /vendor/.*\.php$ { deny all; return 404; } # In Drupal 8, we must also match new paths where the '.php' appears in # the middle, such as update.php/selection. The rule we use is strict, # and only allows this pattern with the update.php front controller. # This allows legacy path aliases in the form of # blog/index.php/legacy-path to continue to route to Drupal nodes. If # you do not have any paths like that, then you might prefer to use a # laxer rule, such as: # location ~ \.php(/|$) { # The laxer rule will continue to work if Drupal uses this new URL # pattern with front controllers other than update.php in a future # release. location ~ '\.php$|^/update.php' { fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(|/.*)$; # Security note: If you're running a version of PHP older than the # latest 5.3, you should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini. # See http://serverfault.com/q/627903/94922 for details. include fastcgi_params; # Block httpoxy attacks. See https://httpoxy.org/. fastcgi_param HTTP_PROXY ""; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; # PHP 5 socket location. #fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; # PHP 7 socket location. #特别说明,要将下面的php-cgi.sock更改为自己服务器相应文件的路径,否则会报错。 fastcgi_pass unix:/dev/shm/php-cgi.sock; } # Fighting with Styles? This little gem is amazing. # location ~ ^/sites/.*/files/imagecache/ { # For Drupal <= 6 location ~ ^/sites/.*/files/styles/ { # For Drupal >= 7 try_files $uri @rewrite; } # Handle private files through Drupal. Private file's path can come # with a language prefix. location ~ ^(/[a-z\-]+)?/system/files/ { # For Drupal >= 7 try_files $uri /index.php?$query_string; } location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg)$ { try_files $uri @rewrite; expires max; log_not_found off; } #for google adsense location = /ads.txt { allow all; log_not_found off; access_log off; } #以下这行代码修复执行/update.php升级站点,或通过后台安装主题/模块出现错误的bug rewrite ^/core/authorize.php/core/authorize.php(.*)$ /core/authorize.php$1; }
本站基于Drupal10构建,以上为本站完整的nginx配置规则,如果你使用的宝塔面板或其他面板,请仔细看配置文件中做的注释,php-cgi.sock文件路径必须替换为自己服务器的,如果你不知道这个文件的路径,linux系统服务器可以通过find / -name php-cgi.sock命令定位文件路径。
另外提醒一点,Drupal10的依赖组件和使用的技术比较新,建议使用最新稳定版Nginx或Tengine。
最后附上Nginx官方提供的Drupal配置文件:
https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/recipes/drupal/
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